M16A Engine

M16A Engine

Information on the Suzuki M16A MPI VVT engine as found in the ZC31S Swift Sport






Haltech ECU Options

This engine is only supported by the Elite 1500 and 2500 models






General Information

Cylinders
4
Displacement
1586 cc
Firing Order
1,3,4,2


CAN

This vehicles uses CAN bus for various devices throughout the vehicle. This can include the dashboard, ABS, and Body Control. The ZC31S Swift Sport CAN system is supported by the Elite 1500 and 2500 ECU models. The ZC32S has not been tested or supported.







Model Variants

There are a number of variants of the <insert engine name> engine.

ZC31S (MY05-11)

11.1:1 comp, chain driven cams, 93kw 148Nm spec, Inlet VVT, DBW

ZC32S (MY11-14)

7200rpm limit, 101kw 160Nm spec







Sensor Information

Crank/Cam Sensor

This engines uses a Crank Position Sensor and a Cam Position Sensor. The crank trigger wheel has 36x teeth with one gap of 2x missing teeth, and opposite is two gaps of 2x missing teeth separated by 1x tooth.  This pattern is common to many Subaru and Mazda engines.    The cam trigger has 6x teeth comprised of 4x equally spaced teeth with 2 lots of 1x extra tooth.


Crank Trigger Wheel
  


Cam Trigger Wheel



Crank Sensor

A Hall Effect crank position sensor is used. This is located near the alternator.  


Pin
Description
Haltech Connection (Trigger 4-core)
212V+ Switched
12V+ (Red) 
3Signal Ground
Signal Ground (Blue)
4Signal
Trigger+ (Yellow)






Cam Sensor

A Hall Effect cam sensor is used for both engine sync and for the variable valve timing cam position. This is located on the inlet side towards the gearbox end of the cylinder head.




Pin
Description
Haltech Connection (Home 4-core)
212V+12V+ (Red)
3Signal GroundSignal Ground (Blue)
4Signal
Home+ (Yellow)



Trigger Configuration












Ignition Coils and Igniter

This engine features waste spark ignition with an ignition coil mounted on the number 4 spark plug with a shared connection to number 1 spark plug, and another coil ont eh number 2 spark plug that is shared with number 3 spark plug.  The ignition coils feature an internal igniter and can be wired directly to the ECU.  






Pin
Description
Haltech Connection
1 (Black/White)
12V+ Switched
---
2 (Black/Blue)
Ground (to cylinder head)
---
3 (Green/White or Green/Yellow)
Signal
Ignition Output


Dwell Time












DBW Throttle System

This engine uses a single Drive By Wire throttle body.


DBW Throttle Wiring


Position Sensors
Pin
Description
Haltech Connection
Red
5V+
5V+
Green
TPS1
AVI-3 (Orange/Red)
White
TPS2
AVI-2 (Orange/Black)
BlackSignal Ground
Signal Ground

Drive Motor
Pin
Description
Haltech Connection
Light Green/Red
Motor+
DBW1 (Brown/Black)
Light Green/Black
Motor-
DBW2 (Brown/Red)



DBW Accelerator Pedal Position Sensors Connection



Pin
Description
Haltech Connection
Brown5V+5V+ (Orange)
GreenAPP1
AVI-4 (Orange/Yellow)
Blue
Signal Ground
Signal Ground (Black/White)
Red5V+
5V+ (Orange)
YellowAPP2
AVI-5 (Orange/Green)
WhiteSignal GroundSignal Ground (Black/White)








MAP Sensor

This vehicle comes with a MAP sensor. This is located in the inlet plenum.





Pin
Description
Haltech Connection
1
Vin  5V+
5V+ (Orange)
2
Ground
Signal Ground (Black/White)
3
Vout  Signal
Spare AVI (AVI-9 Yellow)


MAP sensor calibration




If preferred you can use the internal MAP sensor that comes with your ECU.  For higher boost levels an external MAP sensor should be used instead, connected to a spare AVI.








Variable Cams

This engine has contuously variable inlet cam timing.  This is supported by the Haltech ECU via the Cam Control function.








Idle Valve

This engine uses the Drive By Wire Throttle to control idle speed.







Coolant Temperature


Wiring is not polarity sensitive
Pin
Haltech Connection
1
Any Spare AVI*
2
Signal Ground
An AVI with a selectable Pullup should be used.  If not and external 1k pullup to 5V should be connected.







Air Temp

The Inlet Air Temperature Sensor is incorporated in the MAF sensor unit.  See the MAF Sensor section for wiring information.








Knock Sensor

This engine uses an older style single wire resonant knock sensor.   They are prone to failure and become inaccurate if teh engine is heavily modified.  It is recommended if issues are experienced to swap the sensor for a donut style non-resonant sensor.










MAF Sensor

Although most users of Haltech ECUs will be deleting the MAF, it is possible to use a MAF if you prefer.

Pin
Description
Haltech Connection
1


2


3


4


5
12V+ Switched
--- (grey/red)






O2 Sensors

This engine has Narrow Band O2 sensors and although they can be used with an Elite ECU they are not so useful for tuning purposes.

For correct operation a Haltech WB1 kit is highly recommended for this application, with the provided 4.9 sensors replacing the pre-cat sensors.  Sensors use a 22mm socket or spanner to remove and replace.








Vehicle Speed Sensor

This engine receives vehicle speed data over CANbus, but also some variants are reported to have a Hall Effect sensor pickup.

Pin
Description
Haltech Connection
2
12V+
---  (Grey/Red)
3
Signal Ground
Signal Ground (Black/White)
4
Signal
Spare SPI








Alternator Control

This engine has an alternator that allows the ECU to control the charging voltage.  This is controlled via a low side signal from any spare output.








Injector Data

Flow

The injector flow rate is measured with the injectors held wide open at 100% duty.  For fuel systems with a fixed regulator pressure (often returnless systems) that is not referenced to manifold pressure the flow needs to be mapped over Manifold Pressure for accurate tuning.




Dead Time

When an injector is commanded to open for a certain amount of time, the dead time is the amount of time the injector is not actually open during this period.  It covers the time to energise the solenoid and begin to open and the time to close as well.  There are also transient periods during which the injector is opening and closing where fuel flow is not at full capacity so this lost peak flow period is also taken into account.  










OEM ECU Information





   

Location

The ECU is located in the engine bay






ECU Pinout




















   






Base Maps


Base maps have been created for use with the Haltech Elite Adapter Harnesses.  Platinum Pro - Maps come with the ECU Manager Software.
Where applicable those maps are attached below.

To use these maps they should be IMPORTED into your ECU.  Follow the IMPORTING A BASE MAP guide.

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